450 Bushmaster vs 45-70: Which Cartridge is Best for Your Needs?

Choosing between the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 cartridges can be challenging, especially when both rounds are powerful, effective, and popular among hunters. These two .45 caliber centerfire cartridges may seem similar, but they have distinct differences that make each suitable for specific hunting situations. In this article, we will explore the differences, strengths, and best uses of the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 to help you make an informed decision.

History and Origin of 450 Bushmaster and 45-70 Government

The 450 Bushmaster is a relatively modern cartridge, created in the early 2000s. It was developed to solve a problem faced by hunters using AR-15 rifles. They needed a heavier-hitting cartridge than the .223 Remington for larger game, such as deer and hogs, at medium ranges. Hornady, in collaboration with Bushmaster, introduced the 450 Bushmaster as a straight-walled cartridge, ideal for use in certain states where bottleneck cartridges are restricted.

The 45-70 Government, on the other hand, has a much longer history, dating back to 1873. It was initially developed for military use, becoming the primary service rifle cartridge for the U.S. Army. Known for its heavy bullet and reliable stopping power, the 45-70 Government quickly gained popularity among hunters in North America. Particularly for large game like moose and bear. While the 45-70 has evolved to include smokeless powder. It still maintains its reputation as a powerful cartridge for big-game hunting in lever-action rifles.

Performance Comparison

Both the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 offer impressive ballistics, but their design and intended use differ. The 450 Bushmaster delivers faster muzzle velocities and a flatter trajectory, which makes it a good choice for shots up to 250 yards. In contrast, the 45-70 Government focuses on delivering heavy bullets with significant stopping power, excelling at closer ranges of 150 yards or less.

Specification450 Bushmaster45-70 Government
Bullet Diameter.452 inches.458 inches
Typical Bullet Weight250-300 grains300-500 grains
Muzzle Velocity~2,200 fps (250gr bullet)~1,500-1,900 fps (300-400gr)
Muzzle Energy~2,700 ft-lbs~2,500-3,000 ft-lbs
Effective RangeUp to 250 yards150-200 yards
RecoilModerateHeavy (depending on load)

The 450 Bushmaster shines in medium-range hunting scenarios, where a flatter trajectory is essential. It is also legal in several states that require straight-walled cartridges, which adds to its popularity for deer and hog hunting. However, the 45-70 Government is better suited for large, dangerous games due to its heavier bullet and greater penetration capability.

Read more: Hoptraveler com

Which Cartridge is Better for Hunting?

450 Bushmaster vs 45-70

Choosing between the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 depends on the type of game you are pursuing and the rifle platform you prefer. The 450 Bushmaster is commonly used in AR-15 and bolt-action rifles, making it a great option for hunters who prefer a modern firearm. It is ideal for hunting deer, hogs, and black bears at ranges up to 250 yards. The combination of fast velocity and moderate recoil makes it easier for most shooters to handle. Especially when hunting in open fields or mixed woodlands.

On the other hand, the 45-70 Government is more at home in lever-action rifles like the Marlin 1895 or Henry models. This cartridge excels at close-range hunting in dense brush, where stopping power and penetration are more critical than speed. If you are pursuing a large game like moose, elk, or grizzly bear, the 45-70 offers the confidence of a heavy bullet with excellent terminal performance. The 45-70 is also favored by hunters in Alaska and Canada, where it is often used for bear defense.

Ammo Availability and Cost Comparison

When comparing 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70, it is important to consider the availability and cost of ammunition. The 450 Bushmaster is more common in regions that enforce straight-wall cartridge laws. It is also typically more affordable than 45-70 ammo, with cheaper full metal jacket (FMJ) rounds available for practice shooting.

The 45-70 Government ammunition tends to be more specialized, with a wide variety of bullet weights designed for different games. However, 45-70 ammo is often more expensive, and the selection might be more limited, especially in rural areas. That said, hunters who reload their ammunition will find excellent component availability for both cartridges.

Which cartridge is better for deer hunting?
Both cartridges are effective for deer hunting, but the 450 Bushmaster has a slight edge due to its flatter trajectory and faster velocity, making it more versatile for shots at longer distances.

450 Bushmaster vs 45-70: Final Comparison Table

Criteria450 Bushmaster45-70 Government
Best ForDeer, hogs, black bearMoose, elk, grizzly bear
Rifle TypeAR-15, bolt-actionLever-action
Effective Range250 yards150-200 yards
RecoilModerateHeavy
Ammo AvailabilityBetter for practiceSpecialized hunting ammo

Recoil and Accuracy

Recoil plays a significant role in the performance of both cartridges. The 450 Bushmaster generates less recoil than heavy 45-70 loads, making it easier to shoot accurately, especially for novice shooters. On the other hand, the 45-70 Government can produce substantial recoil, particularly with loads meant for larger games. Some shooters prefer the challenge of mastering the 45-70, especially in lever-action rifles that offer a nostalgic hunting experience.

In terms of accuracy, both cartridges are capable, but neither is designed for precision shooting. While the 450 Bushmaster has a slight edge in accuracy at extended ranges due to its flatter trajectory, both cartridges are limited to short to medium-range engagements. The 45-70 Government does better in brush hunting situations, where bullet weight and impact are more important than pinpoint precision.

Read more: Anonvault

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can the 450 Bushmaster take down a bear?
Yes, the 450 Bushmaster is capable of taking down a black bear, especially with proper shot placement. However, the 45-70 Government is a better choice for larger bears like grizzlies due to its heavier bullet.

Which has more recoil: 450 Bushmaster or 45-70?
The 45-70 Government generally produces more recoil than the 450 Bushmaster, particularly with heavier loads. The 450 Bushmaster offers a more manageable recoil, making it easier for most shooters to handle.

Are both cartridges legal for hunting in straight-wall cartridge states?
Yes, both the 450 Bushmaster and 45-70 Government meet the requirements for straight-wall cartridge regulations, making them legal options for hunting in certain states.

Which cartridge is better for deer hunting?
Both cartridges are effective for deer hunting, but the 450 Bushmaster has a slight edge due to its flatter trajectory and faster velocity, making it more versatile for shots at longer distances.

Conclusion

Both the 450 Bushmaster and 45-70 Government are powerful hunting cartridges, but each excels in different areas. If you prefer modern semi-automatic or bolt-action rifles and need a cartridge for deer or hog hunting, the 450 Bushmaster is the better choice. It offers flatter trajectories, easier handling, and works well within straight-wall cartridge regulations in several states.

However, if you are targeting large or dangerous game such as moose or bear, the 45-70 Government provides the stopping power needed for close-range encounters. It is an excellent choice for those who prefer the classic appeal of lever-action rifles and enjoy the nostalgia of hunting with a historically significant cartridge.

Ultimately, the decision between the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 comes down to personal preference, hunting environment, and target game. Both cartridges have proven themselves in the field, and with the right setup and shot placement, either one will serve you well on your next hunting adventure.

Choosing between the 450 Bushmaster vs 45-70 ultimately comes down to hunting style and preferred firearm. Both are excellent cartridges, so you can’t go wrong with either one depending on your needs.

Leave a Comment